ruinas

Current Use

Current Condition

construction of a larger church

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1639

the mission was empty

1706

Jemez restablished themselves in the area began building a new church

1776

new sacristy was built and rebuilt the old convento structure

1849

rehabilitation

US topo corps recorded Giusewa Pueblo during a land survey

1881

roof collapsed bell gable and facade remained

1887-88

built church on ruins of old

1902

parish became headquarters for 13 mission stations

1919

new chapel built

1920s

church gets a tin roof

1937

chapel burned

1938

chapel built in mission style replacing burned one

1965

Pueblo of Jemez and first church ruin on the NRHP

1600s mission stabilized

1972

2012

becomes a NHL

date unknown

paved interpretive trail added to 1600 ruins

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Interpretive Program

interpretive trails

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

Plan Type

Principal Facade Features

octogonal tower belfry

Ancillary Features

convent

friary

school

San Gregorio de Abó, Salinas Pueblo

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 20:57:45 +0000

San Gregorio de Abó, Salinas Pueblo oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 13:57

The Mission of San Gregorio de Abó, built in the late 1620's, is one of four missions built in the Salinas Province of early Spanish colonization in New Mexico which today comprise Salinas National Monument. The other three missions are La Purisma Conception de Cuarac, San Buenaventura, and San Isidro. The side of Abó was a thriving Pueblo community at the time Franciscans began to convert the resident Tompiro Indians in 1622, but was abandoned between 1672 and 1678. The Mission is notable for the construction method using buttresses to support relatively thin walls, a method used in European church architecture. San Gregorio de Abó is the only example of the use of this method for a seventeenth-century New Mexican church. Major excavation and stabilization was undertaken at the site in 1938-39. The National Park Service acquired the Mission in 1980 and the site was made a unit of Salinas National Monument.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Abó

Geolocation

34.4489, -106.3714

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Interpretive Program

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

Plan Type

Ancillary Features

Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Quarai

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 19:25:06 +0000

Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Quarai oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 12:25

Construction of this mission began in 1627 by Fray Juan Gutiérrez de la Chica. At its peak, the Quarai pueblo had approximately 1,000 rooms and housed between 600 and 700 residents of both native and Spanish decent. The pueblo buildings were arranged around a number of small plazas. In addition to the Catholic religion and customs, the Franciscan friars introduced new agricultural and production methods. Extensive farming took place adjacent to the mission and on surrounding lands. The mission is preserved as ruins where a series of red sandstone walls can be seen. A round kiva within the monastery area was founded, which raises questions about how traditional tribal religion intermingled with the Catholic traditions.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Quarai

Geolocation

34.5958946, -106.2955735

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

a square kiva is located inside the north convento

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

settlers return to Quarai constructing the Lucero Structures

1913

School of Archaeology began excavations in the southern-most mound

1935

becomes a New Mexico State Monument

1938-1940

excavation as part of the WPA and NYA programs

1959

repair of the mission church as well as excavation within the large pueblo ruin

1962

designated NHL

1970

a visitor center including a small museum and caretaker's residence is built within landmark boundaries

present

continues to be mantained and stabilized every few years

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

sheep and cattle ranching

Guiding Management Plan

Interpretive Program

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

Plan Type

Ancillary Features

Mission Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles de Porciúncula

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 21:12:30 +0000

Mission Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles de Porciúncula oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 14:12

The first church at the Pecos Pueblo was probably built by the Franciscan Fray Pedro Zambrano Ortiz by 1619. The people of the pueblo would not allow construction of a church closer to their dwellings. In 1625, a more permanent church was constructed outside the walls of the pueblo of Pecos, New Mexico. After the Spanish reconquest in 1693, a smaller church was built in 1717. The walls of this later church still stand on top of the earlier church's stone foundation.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Pecos

Geolocation

35.55, -105.6894

Historical Designation

National Monument

Current Use

Current Condition

re-established smaller mission on the ruins of the old until Pecos was depopulated

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1880

Bandelier recorded the loss of the corbels and woodwork

1915

Jesse Nusbaum started scientific excavations and stabilization of the church and the convent

rebuilt portions of the rear wall of the sanctuary

stabilized the walls with concrete curbings

repaired the interior arches

Alfred Kidder excavated Pecos

1930s

Civilian Conservation Corps cleaned debris and attempted activities including removal of Nusbaum's concrete

they built up walls and replaced wooden beams

designated a National Historic Landmark

rehabilitation

1960s

Jean Pinkley stabilized the buildings including rooms backfilled earlier

1965

designated National Monument

Jean Pinkley excavated and stabilized the 18th century church and convento

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Interpretive Program

Site Access

balcony above entrance portal

Principal Building Materials

adobe

wood

Plan Type

cruciform

Principal Facade Features

tower belfry

flat roof

Ancillary Features

La Purísima Concepción at Hawikuh, Pueblo of Zuni

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 21:08:43 +0000

La Purísima Concepción at Hawikuh, Pueblo of Zuni oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 14:08

Zuni Pueblo, after the mission’s reestablishment yet again, the Zunis joined the general pueblo uprisings in 1680 and destroyed Mission La Purísima Concepción a final time. The Zuni and the Spanish then abandoned Hawikuh completely, never occupying it again.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Zuni

Geolocation

34.5556, -108.594

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

the mission church showed signs of having been rebuilt several times however all that remains are eroded adobe walls of two or three feet tall

Current Integrity

good

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1680

growth/modification

the mission was destroyed by general pueblo uprisings

1917-1923

archaeologist Frederick Webb Hodge led an excavation of the site unearthing several sandstone walls and foundations as well as various rooms and artifacts throughout the city

designated National Historic Landmark

rehabilitation

1974

Zuni-Cibola Complex designated as National HIstoric Landmark

present

maintained as ruins

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Zuñi Indian Tribal Council

U.S. Department of Interior

Bureau of Indian Affairs

Interpretive Program

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

adobe

Principal Facade Features

tower belfry

baptistery

choir loft

Gran Quivira, San Buenaventura (San Isidro)

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 22:24:45 +0000

Gran Quivira, San Buenaventura (San Isidro) oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 15:24

The Inglesia de San Isidro is the earlier of two churches at Gran Quivira. Built between 1630 and 1635 of limestone quarried on site, the church measured 109 feet long by 29 feet wide. Inglesia de San Isidro was very similar in design to the church at Abó. A campo santo, or walled cemetery, is attached to the structure just east of the church.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Quivira

Geolocation

34.5958946, -106.2955735

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

Father Letrado Negotiates the use of rooms in a pueblo for his use in what is now called Mound 7

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1629

built

1659

growth/modification

a second and larger church was begun by Fray Diego de Santander

President Taft established Gran Quivira National Monument

1938-1940

Joseph Toulouse stabilized the surviving ruins of Abó in conjunction with his archeology

1951

NPS archaeologist Gordon Viviana excavated and stabilized he structures

NPS archaeologist Alden Hayes excavated and stabilized the structures

2012

mound 7 was backfilled

ongoing preservation efforts

stabilizing structures like Inglesia San Isidro on 5 year schedule

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Salinas National Historic Places

Interpretive Program

Site Access

blue gray local limestone

Principal Building Materials

caliche based mortar

cement

Plan Type

hall

Ancillary Features

walled cementery

San Cayetano de Calabazas, Tumacácori

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 18:58:08 +0000

San Cayetano de Calabazas, Tumacácori oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 11:58

Spanish Jesuits founded San Cayetano de Calabazas in 1756 after reorganizing their settlements in the wake of the 1751 Pima Revolt. Though it served many different purposes in the years between its founding and the late 19th century, Calabazas was first intended to be a “visita,” a station for visiting priests to reside as they traveled between missions throughout northern New Spain. As a visita, Calabazas was a satellite outpost associated with larger Mission Guevavi and later with Mission San José de Tumacácori, which were part of a string of missions throughout the northeastern Sonoran Desert. It is the most complete extant Spanish colonial mission district and best preserved remains of a visita in the United States.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Calabazas

Geolocation

31.562227, -111.049316

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

O'odham ranchers used Calabazas for their herds

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

the mission outpost was reestablished

Franciscans returned to serve the community

1840s-53

governor of Sonora Mr. Gándara acquired Calabazas

established a hacienda where Mexicans O'odham and German immigrants managed the ranch with 6000 head of cattle

the threat of Apache raids and political instablility drove ranchers out

1856-57

U.S.acquired Calabazas as part of the Gadsden Purchase

the 1st regimen of Dragoons lived in the old adobe buildings and called it Camp Moore

adobe chapel was made into a U.S.Customs House

1864

Ft.Mason was established

officers briefly stayed in the adobe buildings

volunteers capped the walls and laid a cement foundation

1964

the land was sold to the Gulf-American Corp.

1971

entered into the NRHP

1974

land donated to Arizona Hist. Soc.

1990

incorporated to the Tumacácori National Park

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Arizona Historical Society

Partner Groups/Organization

Interpretive Program

Site Access