buena

Current Use

Current Condition

Current Integrity

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Interpretive Program

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

adobe

wood

Plan Type

balcony above entrance portal

Principal Facade Features

twin tower belfry

stepped wall

choir loft

Ancillary Features

kivas

San Juan Capistrano

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 23:15:04 +0000

San Juan Capistrano oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 16:15

Mission San Juan Capistrano was established in 1731 and underwent several building periods. The complex has the traditional plan of buildings and walls surrounding a central courtyard and includes the ruins of the second and third church, the foundations of some of the residential quarters, a convento (missionary quarters), granary foundation, well, and a residence. San Juan, a self-sufficient community established on rich farmland along the banks of the San Antonio River, supplied produce throughout the region.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-San Juan

Geolocation

29.3327, -98.4553

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

Current Integrity

reestablished and renamed

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1756

stone church friary and granary were completed

1772

attempt of construction of a new larger church

1780s

rehab

buildings in convento temporarily used as church

building north of the friary converted into interim church

this church is in use today

1824-27

mission secularized

1858

F.Bouchu comes to live at San Juan and builds a house

1887

preserv

chapel is reroofed and repaired for services

1902

preservation

San Antonio preservationists obtained a 5yr lease of the chapel but nothing came out of it

1909

Federal relief workers reroofed mission and rebuilt unfinished walls across plaza

hospedería Indian Quarters late colonial church and convento

1967

rebuilt priest's quarters and excavation led by Mardith Schuetz

1967-68

two-room structure using standing portions of Indian quarter's walls

1969

1972

added to NRHP

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Archidiocese of San Antonio

Partner Groups/Organization

Interpretive Program

Site Access

bicycle

Principal Building Materials

stone

Plan Type

Principal Facade Features

Ancillary Features

San José y San Miguel de Aguayo

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 23:02:56 +0000

San José y San Miguel de Aguayo oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 16:02

Founded in 1720, this mission was named for Saint Joseph and the Marqués de San Miguel de Aguayo, the governor of the Province of Coahuila and Texas at the time. It was built on the banks of the San Antonio River and founded by Father Antonio Margil de Jesús. La ventana de la Rosa, the Rose Window, together with the main façade, have been considered one of the finest examples of baroque architecture in North America. Misson San José is today an active parish.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Aguayo

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

Current Integrity

mission moved to current location

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1747-52

construction of granary and convent

1760s

perimeter stone wall built

1768-82

stone church completed

1813

church used for target practice during Mex. Rev.

San Antonio Consv. Soc. purchased granary and adjacent tracts of original mission

mission is secularized

restoring efforts by WPA

1932-36

reconstruction

H.P.Smith and Bishop J. Shaw reconstructed the spanish residence and grape arbor

major reconstruction using modern materials

arches stabilized and vigas replaced

1983

National Historic Park created

doc.HABS

1988

preserv

frescos and sculptures restored

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

San Antonio Conservation Society

Partner Groups/Organization

Interpretive Program

Site Access

balcony above entrance portal

Principal Building Materials

Plan Type

Principal Facade Features

Ancillary Features

San Francisco de la Espada

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 23:19:23 +0000

San Francisco de la Espada oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 16:19

The church is architecturally significant as physical evidence of building practices and techniques used during the Spanish colonial period. It is the least altered of all the Texas mission churches and has the only original dome of those in San Antonio. It is a unique example of the Spanish Baroque style as used by the Franciscan Fathers of the Texas frontier.The missions' need for irrigation for the crops necessitated an elaborate system of acequias, or irrigation ditches, to channel water. The Spanish constructed seven acequias, five dams, and an aqueduct, using American Indian workers. This system extended 15 miles and irrigated 3,500 acres of land. The Espada Aqueduct was constructed in 1745 by Franciscans to serve the mission lands of Espada. It is the only remaining Spanish aqueduct in the United States.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Espada

Geolocation

29.3178, -98.45

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

restored

Current Integrity

moved along the Neches River

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

mission moved 10 miles

1721

1731

moved to present location

acequia built

1735

dam and aqueduct built

1745

grwoth/mod.

convento and small chapel built

secularization gave land to locals

1777

2nd church torn down

new laterals and control gates added

1826-35

soldiers built a round stone bastion

a room was remodeled to serve as general store

adjoining former mission tracts were purchased

1887

chapel rebuilt

1911

chapel reopened with new roof floor and windows

railroad ties as beams

1915

old buildings converted into schoolrooms

1930s

stabilize ruins

1937

San Antonio Cons.Soc.purchased aqueduct and 6.5 surr. acres

1955

mission restored

convento partially rebuilt

1967

Franciscans moved into convent

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Archidiocese of San Antonio

Partner Groups/Organization

Interpretive Program

guides available

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

Plan Type

Principal Facade Features

Ancillary Features

Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Acuña

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 23:31:38 +0000

Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Acuña oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 16:31

Oldest mission site yet discovered in Spanish Texas, the oldest European site yet discovered in East Texas and the oldest site yet discovered known to bear the name Tejas. It served as the headquarters of the three western College of Queretaro Missions under the direction of Fray Isidro Felix Espinosa. Mission Concepción was founded in 1716 in what is now eastern Texas in the homeland of the faming Hanai Indians. Due to a lack of supplies, epidemic and the war between the French and Spanish, the Mission was moved briefly to the Austin area around 1730 and finally re-established in San Antonio in 1731 as Mission Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Acuña where it is now an important part of the San Antonio Missions National Historic Park.

NPS-Acuña

Geolocation

29.3622, -98.4797

Historical Designation

Current Use

park

Current Condition

Current Integrity

moved closer to Presidio San Antonio de Bexar

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1755

wooden structures replaced with adobe and stone

1790

Grist mill constructed

1794

mission lands distributed to Indians

seculatization began

1813

headquarters for Mex-Rev

Texas Revolutionary War Battle fought here

indian quarters sold

1835

1848ish

American supply deport in Mex-Am war

1855

Brother Edel setup a church-owned farm

1860

Church and buildings turned over the Society of Mary

church cleaned repaired and reopened

mission road realigned

1911-1913

Bishop Shaw relandscaped and refurbished the church and reopened

first large-scale resotoration

visitor's center built

1970

added to the NRHP

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

San Antonio Missions National Historic Park

Partner Groups/Organization

Guiding Management Plan

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

limestone

adobe

Plan Type

cruciform

Principal Facade Features

Ancillary Features

Nuestra Señora de la Bahía del Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 23:08:26 +0000

Nuestra Señora de la Bahía del Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 16:08

This Mission was founded by Franciscan pirests in 1722. Like the French settlement at Matagorda Bay, the Spanish fort and missions did not last long, failing to grow crops and attract the local peoples to convert. Therefore, the mission was moved in 1726 near what is today Victoria, Texas where the Tamique and Aranama peoples lived. It stayed there for 26 years, but later they moved to what is Goliad, Texas near the bank of the San Antonio River helping protect El Camino la Bahía, a major trade route to the north and east. The settlement was initially built with jacal, or wattle-and-daub. Over time these were replaced with stone buildings. Today, this mission is mantained as part of the Goliad State Park and Historic Site.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Zúñiga

Geolocation

28.644411, -97.438718

Historical Designation

Current Use

park

Current Condition

Current Integrity

mission was moved near Victoria TX

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1749

mission moved to Goliad TX

1794

1830

mission was secularized after native people's abandonment of the site

1840s

preservation

the mission failed in disrepair as the Roman Catholic diocese failed to get its ownership

1846

The Goliad city council disposes of the mission reserving the structure and twenty acres of land for county or college buildings

granted the right to carry away loose rocks

1848

became a female Baptist College

1852

started a presbyterian college for Mexicans

1930s

reconstruction

CCC rebuilt the mission

1931

transferred to the state to preserve it as a historical park

1936-1941

NPS made research for resotration

1970s

Texas Parks and Wildlife rehabilitated structures and built exhibits

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department

Partner Groups/Organization

Interpretive Program

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

stone

Plan Type

Principal Facade Features

Ancillary Features

La Purísima Concepción del Socorro

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 22:39:06 +0000

La Purísima Concepción del Socorro oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 15:39

Nuestra Señora de la Concepción del Socorro was founded in 1682 by the Franciscan order to serve displaced American Indians (the Piro, Tano and Jemez) from New Mexico, who fled during the Pueblo Revolt. The present Socorro Mission was constructed in 1840 to replace an earlier 18th-century mission destroyed by flooding of the Rio Grande. The mission is constructed of adobe surfaced with stucco. In the interior can be seen a series of finely painted and decorated wood beams that were originally from the 18th-century mission and reused in the new construction. The decorative elements of the Socorro Mission show strong relationships to the building traditions of 17th-century Spanish New Mexico.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Socorro

Geolocation

31.39, -106.18

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

Current Integrity

mission was destroyed by flooding and moved to a new location

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1829

Mission destroyed by flooding

Mission added to Texas Historic Landmarks

1881

growth/modifation

Jesuits move into Socorro and made improvements

1978

Archbishop Patrick Flores transfers parsih from Jesuits to Diocesan priests

1980-1985

major reparation and repairs were able to save the building from collapse

Source of Funding

Texas Historical Commission

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Catholic Diocese of El Paso

Partner Groups/Organization

Mission Heritage Association

Texas Historical Commission

Interpretive Program

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

Plan Type

Principal Facade Features

wall belfry

stair-stepped facade

Corpus Christi de la Ysleta del Sur (Ysleta Mission)

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 19:55:35 +0000

Corpus Christi de la Ysleta del Sur (Ysleta Mission) oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 12:55

Ysleta Mission was constructed in 1744 in part to serve the Tigua Indian community which had fled New Mexico during the Pueblo Revolt. The site was also known by the Spaniards as Corpus Christi de la Isleta. In 1881 the Jesuits took over the church and renamed it Nuestra Señora del Monte Carmelo.The present church was constructed in 1851. Its distinctive silver-domed bell tower was added in 1897. Fire severely damaged the structure in 1907, but it was soon repaired.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

NPS-Ysleta

Geolocation

31.6912, -106.3276

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

Current Integrity

build third Ysleta new location

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

the church was destroyed by nature being rebuilt and gas and electricity systems installed

1918

Barrio de los Indios had been incorporated into the town of Ascarate

a school is established

1937

HABS survey conducted

1940s

1950

protective concrete belt is added and HABS reports the building has no foundations

1972

site enters NRHP

1980

parts of the building is used as auditorioum

classrooms and kitchen

1990 preservation

archaeologists uncovered the remains of Ysleta Jacal associated with the Mission Ysleta

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Conventual Franciscans

Partner Groups/Organization

Diosesis of El Paso

Interpretive Program

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

concrete

Plan Type

cruciform

Principal Facade Features

Ancillary Features

Zuni Mission of Our Lady of Guadalupe

oia — Wed, 23 Jun 2021 23:37:44 +0000

Zuni Mission of Our Lady of Guadalupe oia Wed, 06/23/2021 - 16:37

One of the earliest examples of a Spanish Colonial era mission that was established in 1630 by Franciscan missionaires at Zuni Pueblo. The original mission complex included an enclosed adobe convento. The mission was partially burned and the priest killed during the 1680 Pueblo Revolt. Extensive additions occurred during the 18th century. The Mission was largely abandoned and went into a steady decline until the mid-1960s. A partnership between the Catholic Diocese of Gallup, the Zuni Tribe and the Bureau of Indian Affairs enabled the reconstruction of the Mission to be completed by 1970. The unique murals of Alez Seowtewa made in 2006 are representative of the Zuni culture.

FLOOR PLAN
TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

Geolocation

35.0694, -108.8467

Historical Designation

Current Use

Current Condition

Current Integrity

mission destroyed at the time of the Pueblo Revolt

Chronology of Preservation Treatments

1699

Zuni people return to site

1705

church was rebuilt and renamed by Franciscans

1780

preservation

mission rebuilt with molded adobe bricks

church facade had two tower belfries and a balcony

1821

secularization

building falls into disrepair

1876

nave was decorated with Zuni religious images

1880s

North wall had fallen and been rebuilt 10ft. closer to the south wall

1906

mission is re-roofed

1966

the pueblo leased the mission site for restoration

modernization

maintenance and operation of the old mission church

NPS excavated

1969

reconstruction

mission reconstruction based on historical structure

church is not in use as a parish

Jurisdiction/Ownership/Management

Diocese of Gallup

Partner Groups/Organization

Zuni Tribe

Bureau of Indian Affairs

Interpretive Program

daily guided tours

Site Access

Principal Building Materials

red sandstone

adobe

Plan Type